Proportionality, proportion or proportional may refer to:
Mathematics
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Proportionality (mathematics)
In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio, which is called the coefficient of proportionality or proportionality constant ...
, the property of two variables being in a multiplicative relation to a constant
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Ratio
In mathematics, a ratio shows how many times one number contains another. For example, if there are eight oranges and six lemons in a bowl of fruit, then the ratio of oranges to lemons is eight to six (that is, 8:6, which is equivalent to the ...
, of one quantity to another, especially of a part compared to a whole
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Fraction (mathematics)
A fraction (from la, fractus, "broken") represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight ...
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Aspect ratio or proportions
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Proportional division
A proportional division is a kind of fair division in which a resource is divided among ''n'' partners with subjective valuations, giving each partner at least 1/''n'' of the resource by his/her own subjective valuation.
Proportionality was the f ...
, a kind of fair division
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Percentage
In mathematics, a percentage (from la, per centum, "by a hundred") is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%", although the abbreviations "pct.", "pct" and sometimes "pc" are also us ...
, a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100
Science and art
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Proportional fonts
A typeface (or font family) is the design of lettering that can include variations in size, weight (e.g. bold), slope (e.g. italic), width (e.g. condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font.
There are thousands ...
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Proportionally fair
Proportional-fair scheduling is a compromise-based scheduling algorithm. It is based upon maintaining a balance between two competing interests: Trying to maximize total throughput of the network (wired or not) while at the same time allowing all ...
, a scheduling algorithm
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Proportional control
Proportional control, in engineering and process control, is a type of linear feedback control system in which a correction is applied to the controlled variable, and the size of the correction is proportional to the difference between the desi ...
, a type of linear feedback control system
Other uses
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Proportionality (law)
Proportionality is a general principle in law which covers several separate (although related) concepts:
*The concept of proportionality is used as a criterion of fairness and justice in statutory interpretation processes, especially in consti ...
, a legal principle
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Proportion (architecture)
Proportion is a central principle of architectural theory and an important connection between mathematics and art. It is the visual effect of the relationships of the various objects and spaces that make up a structure to one another and to the w ...
, describes the relationships between elements of a design
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Body proportions
While there is significant variation in anatomical proportions between people, certain body proportions have become canonical in figurative art. The study of body proportions, as part of the study of artistic anatomy, explores the relation of t ...
, in art, the study of relation of human body parts to each other and the whole
See also
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Proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to geographical (e.g. states, regions) and political divis ...
, in electoral systems
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